. "1636-12-27"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le sultan Iskandar Muda (1583 ? - 27 d\u00E9cembre 1636, \u00AB Alexandre le Jeune \u00BB en malais, \u00E9tait le 12e souverain d'Aceh dans le nord de l'\u00EEle de Sumatra en Indon\u00E9sie. C'est sous son r\u00E8gne que le royaume atteint sa plus grande extension territoriale et devient l'\u00C9tat le plus puissant et le plus prosp\u00E8re de l'ouest de l'archipel indon\u00E9sien. Sous Iskandar Muda, Aceh fait conqu\u00EAte sur conqu\u00EAte et devient un centre commercial et religieux de renomm\u00E9e internationale."@fr . . "1607"^^ . . . . . . . . "9420"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062F\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062F\u0627"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le sultan Iskandar Muda (1583 ? - 27 d\u00E9cembre 1636, \u00AB Alexandre le Jeune \u00BB en malais, \u00E9tait le 12e souverain d'Aceh dans le nord de l'\u00EEle de Sumatra en Indon\u00E9sie. C'est sous son r\u00E8gne que le royaume atteint sa plus grande extension territoriale et devient l'\u00C9tat le plus puissant et le plus prosp\u00E8re de l'ouest de l'archipel indon\u00E9sien. Sous Iskandar Muda, Aceh fait conqu\u00EAte sur conqu\u00EAte et devient un centre commercial et religieux de renomm\u00E9e internationale."@fr . . "Iskandar Muda"@en . . . "Iskandar Muda"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "en"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "183109099"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "One reason for Iskandar Muda\u2019s success, in contrast to the weaker sultans who preceded and succeeded him, was his ability to suppress the Acehnese elite, known as the orang kaya . Through the royal monopoly on trade, he was able to keep them dependent on his favor. The orang kaya were forced to attend court where they could be supervised, and were prohibited from building independent houses, which could be used for military purposes or hold cannons. He sought to create a new nobility of \u201Cwar leaders\u201D , whom he gave districts in feudal tenure. After his reign, however, the elite often supported weaker sultans, in order to maintain their own autonomy. He also sought to replace the Acehnese princes with royal officials called panglima, who had to report annually and were subject to periodic appraisal. An elite palace guard was created, consisting of 3,000 women. He passed legal reforms which created a network of courts using Islamic jurisprudence. His system of law and administration became a model for other Islamic states in Indonesia."@fr . "3987269"^^ . .